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Comparative Adjectives When we talk about 2 things, we can "compare" them. We can see if they are the same or different. Perhaps they are the same in some ways and different in other ways. A B We can use comparative adjectives to describe the differences. "A is bigger than B." Formation of Comparative Adjectives There are two ways to form a comparative adjective: • short adjectives: add -er • long adjectives: use more Short adjectives • 1-syllable adjectives old, fast • 2-syllable adjectives ending in -y happy, easy Normal rule: add -er old > older Variation: if the adjective ends in -e, just add -r late > later Variation: if the adjective ends in consonant, vowel, consonant, double the last consonant big > bigger Variation: if the adjective ends in -y, change the -y to -i happy > happier Long adjectives • 2-syllable adjectives not ending in -y modern, pleasant • all adjectives of 3 or more syllables expensive, intellectual Normal rule: use more modern > more modern expensive > more expensive Tip With some 2-syllable adjectives, we can use -er or more: • quiet > quieter/more quiet • clever > cleverer/more clever • narrow > narrower/more narrow • simple > simpler/more simple Exception! The following adjectives have irregular forms: • good > better • well (healthy) > better • bad > worse • far > farther/further Use of Comparative Adjectives We use comparative adjectives when talking about 2 things (not 3 or 10 or 1,000,000 things, only 2 things). Often, the comparative adjective is followed by than. Look at these examples: • John is 1m80. He is tall. But Chris is 1m85. He is taller than John. • America is big. But Russia is bigger. • I want to have a more powerful computer. • Is French more difficult than English? If we talk about the two planets Earth and Mars, we can compare them like this: Earth Mars Diameter (km) 12,760 6,790 Mars is smaller than Earth.
